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Hangul Course · Lesson 1
ㄱㅏㄴㅡ

Consonants & Vowels — The Building Blocks of Every Sound

By the end of this lesson you'll know all 24 basic letters, be able to read simple syllable rows out loud, and recognize your first real Korean words.

Before you start

Why the letters look the way they do

Understanding the logic behind Hangul once, at the start, makes every letter after this much easier to remember.

ㄱ ㄴ ㅁ ㅅ ㅇ

Consonants — drawings of your mouth

ㄱ traces the tongue root blocking the throat; ㄴ traces the tongue tip touching the gum ridge. Every consonant is built from five basic shapes, each drawn from where that sound is made.

ㆍ ㅡ ㅣ

Vowels — sky, earth, and person

A dot for the sky, a flat line for the earth, an upright line for a standing person. Combining these three strokes produces all 10 basic vowels.

01

The 14 basic consonants

Here's the full set at a glance, then tap each card to hear it described.

🔊 Tap any speaker icon to hear it spoken aloud — this plays your browser's built-in Korean voice, so no download is needed. If nothing plays, your browser or device may not have a Korean voice installed yet.

02

The 10 basic vowels

Same idea — a quick-reference list, then flip cards to lock it in.

03

Your first syllables: 가 나 다 라...

Korean letters don't sit in a row like the English alphabet — a consonant and a vowel stack together into one block. Here's every basic consonant paired with ㅏ (a). Read it left to right.

04

The full syllable chart

Now the same 14 consonants across all 10 vowels — 140 syllables. This is the classic first reading drill every Korean learner starts with. Read across each row.

05

Your first real words

Every word below is built only from letters you already know — no new shapes required.

06

Check yourself

10 quick questions covering everything from today.